Protecting devices, data, and services from theft or damage.

Cyber Security

Protecting devices (phones, laptops) and services (banking, email) from theft or damage.

It prevents unauthorised access to your personal information.

Why?

We rely on the internet for everything: banking, shopping, social media. Criminals want that data!

Phishing

Fake messages designed to trick you into giving up passwords or money.

The 6 Clues:
  • Urgency: "Act now or lose account!"
  • Errors: Bad spelling/grammar.
  • Too Good: "You won a prize!"
  • Dodgy Link: Shortened/weird URL.
  • Generic: "Dear Customer" (no name).
  • Threats: "Police will arrest you".

Forensics & Defence

Updates

Software updates patch security holes. Always update your phone/apps!

Digital Forensics

Finding evidence on digital devices.

Volatile Data (Lost on Power Off)
  • RAM (Active memory)
  • Guest Mode sessions
  • Non-persistent Virtual Machines

Encryption

Encryption Scrambling a message to hide the original text.
Decryption Unscrambling the message back to original text.

Cipher Types

1. Caesar Cipher (Shift)

Shift alphabet by X places.
Example (Shift 1): A -> B, B -> C.

HAL -> IBM
2. Number Replacement

A=1, B=2, C=3...

8 5 12 12 15 -> HELLO
3. Pigpen

Uses grid shapes/dots instead of letters.

A
B
C
D
E
F
4. Keypad (Old Phone)

Numbers represent letters (2=ABC, 3=DEF).

44 33 555 555 666 -> HELLO